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When should an artist receive public money?

08 February 2007 by admin 140 comments


Big Dance 2006. Photo: Kevin Clifford

Public funding is also used to help individual artists develop their ideas, often at the start of their careers. This helps the arts to evolve and develops new talent that might otherwise not be discovered.

The Arts Council aims to support artists in ways that benefit them individually and benefit society as a whole – and there are many more artists than we have funds available. So what sort of support do artists need most? How should we decide which artists deserve support?  Are there artists – or work – that we should not fund? What conditions should we put on our grants? And what should we expect from the artists we fund?

Juniper said at 12:26 PM, 13 February 2007

This question is the key one. The other questions presented in the debate skirt round this issue. What do I value about art? When is art necessary? etc. etc. When should an artist receive money gets to the heart of the debate because it makes us confront all the prejudices, value judgments and concerns we have in society about what 'Art' or 'art' or 'the arts' are . When we, and our publicly funded bodies have to dip into our own pockets or pools of taxation that is when we as a society have to agree what the contemporary meanings are of art and the arts. And that is something that as a society we do not have an overall understanding or consensus on. Disagreement as to what art is and what its purpose is and how it should be financed is not the same as having a healthy public debate if those disagreements contain prejudice and discord over whether artists deserve public money, whether the arts are worthy of public money and whether the people who agree on the funding are qualified to do so. If there is prejudice and a lack of trust and a lack of valuing what our artists do in society then we can never have a system that is supportive of the arts and therefore encourages a life of creativity not struggle. If artists have to scratch a living and feel as if their existence is a favour not an obligation from society then we will always be in doubt and conflict. We need to embrace the facts - that art is an intellectual pursuit, that creativity and artistic talent takes long hours of training and dedication to be refined, that work takes many years to be nurtured and supported and that it is therefore an elitist pursuit. That is not necessarily a bad thing and not everyone is cut out to be an artist. Young and old should be encouraged to participate but that should not replace the position of the dedicated, experienced, trained professional. And such a person should be enabled to work. Artists have always needed patronage and might lead a rarified existence to those outside the disciplines - but that should be trusted and understood. Support, training, and development are just as important as output, relevance, and justification (intellectual,financial and social). So when should an artist receive public money? Always - partially or entirely - as their means of working. Teachers, police officers, medical professionals etc. receive 'public' money. We need to expand the possible professional prospects for artists.

Colin Bentham said at 5:27 PM, 15 February 2007

There needs to be a sea change in the way the arts council support individual artists. Under the present regime artists have to apply for funding for an arts project and hope the arts council approves of their project and just maybe they will receive some funding if they are deemed worthy.

This is of no use what so ever to artists who have either set up or are setting up their own studios and carrying out their work. Painters are a good example, as this is no longer the fasion these days.

So consider a fresh graduate with £X amounts of student debt & student loans venturing into the world of self employment with its associated costs starting to build their new careers, wouldn't it be nice if they could go to the arts council and receive artists startup grants, regardles of the work they are intending to produce. UCAS statistics show that approximately three years after graduating on average 98% of graduates are no longer involved with the arts. what does that tell us. simple really, they just can't survive without funding. there are also bigger issues here for artists even if you do manage to get funding or sell your work. We still have no Pension scheme, no Union, no professional body, and even under the government labour market index no official recognition for our position. Artists do not appear in the index therefore we have no tax code either.

A change in new public building commissions and annual operation where a 1-2% is spent on the arts would create work for artists, involved in the design of the new building giving them more prestige and make the building environment more pleasing, as well as continuing arts development with annual residencies in all public buildings. this itself would be another way to fund the arts as it would be done directly through the public purse for each building and not through the arts council. Take the chelsea and westminster hospital as an example of good practice. Its such a shame though that this is the exception rather than the rule.

david thomas said at 3:06 PM, 18 February 2007

whenever I want it

ken said at 6:11 PM, 20 February 2007

There are many .

Mark Wilsher said at 8:42 AM, 14 March 2007

Hans Abbing clearly makes some provocative points, but I suspect that it is social status of the creative individual rather than the perceived riches on offer that generate such a huge amount of, essentially, meaningless artistic activity around the margins. European 'artists wages' or our own equivalent, the Jobseeker's Allowance, are probably the single most significant means of support for people first starting out on an artistic path. Working the system or playing the game to some extent is the natural supplement to any highly bureaucratic administrative mechanism.

As to whether or not the arts should receive public money at all, of course they should. We support every industry through our taxes (including subsidies and grants to the arms trade, nuclear energy, motor industries) as well as more acceptable public services like education and the emergency services. So of course, as part of the richness of national life, we should be supporting the arts and artists too.

I would agree with Tom Flemons above that the current system of application is pretty good, and it does at least weed out projects that are simply likely to fail from the start. But it has always struck me as ridiculous that (in the visual arts at least) there is no requirement to submit any visual images of your work with an application! For people who don't get on well with form filling I agree that some kind of 'presentation by portfolio' could work as well. The current GfA set up seems to be quite flexible in terms of eligibility but I would really like to see the introduction of something like fellowships where artists could receive money just to go off and think/work without it leading to any particular project.

The key to all of this is surely the list of priorities that ACE sets for itself, which are currently all about audiences and instrumentalism rather than artistic excellence or experimentation. Personally I'm all for high culture - bring back elitism!

Geoff said at 5:07 PM, 14 March 2007

High Culture needn't be elitist but neither should it's core quality and integrity be compromised. Definitions of 'culture' are at the root of the problem with regard to how one prioritises funding. This has been true since the inception of public funding through CEMA( the predecessor of the Arts Council)in 1941. Under the leadership of J M Keynes the ACGB took on more elitist, metropolitan, professional sympathies rather than the converse populist,regional and amateur participatory ideal. This ideology rationalised a division of 'culture' deemed worthy of subsidy and that which was not.This ideology reigned supreme until in the 60's and 70's when questions about wider access and spreading resources began to be asked. Accordingly the 'democratisation of culture' began to be taken more seriously , this entailed speading the 'gospel' of the arts via education and more regional emphasis. This however did not entail revision of the core criteria of emphasising the quality and integrity of an art form. The people should be led to Art but Art should not be compromised or 'dumbed down' as we say today to achieve this.
A Marxist inspired revolution in thinking about culture and society was however also underway from the 60's on which 'moved the goalposts' of cultural criteria. Claiming that high culture was a bourgeoise creation irrelevant to the masses. This was a reflection of the creeping forces of 'relativism' endemic in all society since the 60's. My culture is as good as yours in other words.Only recently however has this ideology of 'cultural democracy' been integrated into arts policy. This ideology is now the rationale behind DCMS policy as carried out by ACE. Elitism is a dirty word now in all spheres. Quality is secondary to ideological political correctness in every area of 'cultural' life. State Education shares this fate which is why education in the arts is failing to widen access to them . They are not relevant to the masses. If they are not then the argument for subsidy of high culture at all is flimsy.Its up to us we promote mediocrity and relative values (as in 'cultural democracy') or we strive to achieve real excellence based on more absolute values and educate in order to appreciate (as in 'democratisation od culture').

Stuart Bastik said at 11:31 AM, 28 March 2007

For me the question is not so much 'When should artists receive public money?' so much as:

What do we want to pay them to do?
 
What do we think they can do?

'If we citizens, do not support our artist, then we sacrifice our imagination on the altar of crude reality and we end up believing in nothing and having worthless dreams.' Yann Martel (author)

Once we have identified a professional role for artists we can then consider:
 
What form of engagement with them will allow us to best achieve our aims?

This is no doubt an exercise in identifying and managing the 'risks' we perceive and how much 'control' we feel it necessary for us to have:

I believe:

Art fulfils 'public benefits' best when it is left to its own devices.

Art is most likely to be poignant & widely accepted & understood as 'functional' (and fundable through public money) when it is created in a conducive, aspirational & 'cross-cultural' (outside of art-world) environment:

Art should be recognised as a staple part of our everyday lives, like bread, & in that respect it should be ordinary, albeit an extraordinary ordinariness, but no less essential in sustaining life.

To this end we established Art Gene in 2002, a company committed to practice-based research into artists' contribution to and 'engagement' in socio-economic & socio-cultural progress: the regeneration of the social and built environment.

We argue for the eradication of what might be termed 'Tourist Art': that which transmutes simplified historical facts and clich餠particularities of place into 'Art', which are then mistaken for 'truth' or having meaning.

We favour an approach which suffuses the built and social environment with an artistic sensibility rather than placing commissioned works within it.

Links: art gene blog

mike edgerton said at 2:22 PM, 11 April 2007

The irony of this question should not be overlooked, nor the context which is framed by this inquiry. If pubic discourse actively questions the relevance of fine arts process and production, but yet fails to make inquiry into using pubic funding for sending the military to wage unjust and immoral wars, while engaging multinational corporations to profit from such war making, then artists deserve to be at the mercy of industry and the manufacturing of consent by the dominant corporate media.

However, by reframing such limiting contexts and actively participating in challenging the devaluation of the fine arts and a democratic process, perhaps we can force the false issue of public funding, to one that examines the deceit of the political elite. Until artists and their dependents are able to build platforms capable of sustained pressure upon the way that tax havens increasingly favor the rich and hurt the poor; until artists are able to watch over election reform and the way that politicians are funded/elected; until artists are able to take a hand in redefining a people's media, then artists will predominantly and obediently answer such dishonest and cynical inquiries while throwing up their hands at the next war crimes propagated in our name.

One solution is to educate ourselves and our neighbors, not by force, but by logic and humanity... Integrate the question 'why' into our work and media/governmental interfaces; to take action and not accept lies.

Eliza Jane said at 2:18 PM, 12 April 2007

when it contributes to and enriches our society

kay taylor said at 1:50 PM, 19 April 2007

When it is needed - wouldn't that be nice?

Graeme said at 9:02 AM, 23 April 2007

Art concentrates and structures information. If it doesn’t seem to hold much, it’s not worth supporting. If artists can produce work that holds a lot and they can structure it well; if the information supplied and structured seems to hold value and validity beyond the self-indulgence and/or bank balance of the artists themselves; if the work cannot be produced without support, there is a reasonable argument for giving it. Whichever structure you create for public patronage, it will involve delegation. You need to respect the knowledge, familiarity and decisions of the delegated patrons, but they need to make their work open to challenge and debate. Instinct is important and, broadly, decisions are better assessed in retrospect, than boxed in by over-specific criteria.

The urge to create art is probably rooted in sexual competition: Look at me, I can synthesize experience and am not at the mercy of the world; together we will make good babies. Centuries of discourse have complicated the genetic predispositions involved, but often less than we would like to think. It’s not surprising to find artists who are effective at self-publicity. You can be a good artist and self-publicist, but the two don’t always go together. The current funding structure has increasingly separated its delegated patrons from the fields in which they are asked to take decisions. Artists who aren’t good at self-promotion are less frequently sought out; are often discouraged and ignored because they do not fit or understand the picture. Their work often contributes longer term public value.

On the other hand, substantial resources are frequently pushed towards the relentlessly lightweight; to work that contains less information than its own publicity. It’ll end in tears.

Donald Richardson said at 3:05 PM, 28 April 2007


(This was written for Australian conditions, but the principles are applicable universally.)

Artists create precious objects - and, thus, wealth - out of common materials, so they are worthy to be considered a legitimate part of the economy. The problem is how to provide them with an income without perverting their valid functioning, such as asking them to turn into business people. The logical way is for the government to allow them to qualify for ‘the dole’ (a living allowance paid to the unemployed in Australia). Artists are prepared to live frugally in order to be able to practice, and true artists could rarely be labelled ‘dole bludgers’ because most actually work longer hours and with greater dedication than people in other employment do.
But there would be a difficulty in distinguishing the genuine professional from the free-loader. Qualifications are not a reliable guide. Whereas most artists have tertiary qualifications, many graduates actually achieve little in the field. On the other hand, some artists gain professional recognition with few or no formal qualifications.
But this problem could be overcome by using the peer-assessment operating principle that has been long established in the Australia Council. It would just be an extension of the government’s use of expert advice in many situations. But there should be a quid pro quo. Artists receiving the dole should be required to exhibit regularly and to allow Artbank (the largely self-funded organization which collects original works of art for the decoration of government facilities and for commercial lease) to select one work per year for inclusion in its collection. This choice could either be gratis or by purchase under strictly regulated conditions. If the latter, to guard against prices being artificially inflated by commercial galleries or dealers, the prices could be negotiated at between 50% and 75% of the gallery price. Artbank’s selection should be done by a peer-group consisting of one permanent Artbank officer and two local peers, the latter each retiring after three years to minimise personal or stylistic bias.
This would require a permanent Artbank office in each state and territory capital but, and this work could be done by one permanent officer assisted by volunteers or appropriately qualified officers seconded part-time from the state’s arts secretariat. In total, it would entail appointing only half a dozen additional staff to Artbank, and Artbank’s local office accommodation could by supplied by the state organizations.
In addition, Artbank should establish a gallery in each state capital in which the acquired works would be shown and offered for sale at gallery prices. This would cover some of Artbank’s expenses and also give valuable exposure to artists.
The cost of implementing such a scheme would not be as high as for some schemes the government already supports. (Apparently, primary producers, who receive many thousands of dollars in drought relief and other loans - amounting to $200,000,000 in 2002 - hardly ever pay the money back! And The Australian reported on 30 April, 2003, that the government has paid the textile industry the equivalent of $13,000 for each of its workers.) So, we should give it a go.


Stephan Aal said at 4:32 PM, 10 May 2007

When the artistic activity cannot be funded commercially. This is especially so of work for children and young people. For non-commercial work the ticket prices that can be charged for children in venues can never cover the costs of putting on a performance.
Youth services are especially short of money, yet all of the arts have much to contribute for this age group. We need MUCH more in this sector, and applied in a more intuitive way than hitherto. Adolescents have heard and tuned out the preachy messages about drugs etc. The arts surely have something to say about a broader view of life, and a way of engaging young people in examining that view.
International collaborations are artistically very valuable. You just don�t realise how many other ways of doing things there are until you start working in this way. They also develop inter-cultural understanding. Something much needed in today�s world.
With the cost of visa applications going up to �200 GBP, we have automatically excluded a large number of foreign artists from working in the UK on collaborative projects, quite aside from the relatively high cost of living once they are here. Equally, British Council support for British Arts projects abroad is funded from Foreign Office budgets. While the BC doesn�t interfere with the actual projects it funds, it selects and supports projects which advance its key agendas.
What is needed is funding to support international collaboration. The support is needed both to send British artists overseas and to bring foreign artists here. The foreign artists may well need additional support in setting up the exchanges and collaborations, now that the immigration filter is so much tighter. The projects need to be well-publicised, but at a grass-roots level. Parading such projects as exotica simply reinforces the strangeness of other cultures and practices. Presenting them as though they were the most natural thing in the world is the way to develop real inter-cultural understanding.